Scorching Heat Could Trigger Preterm Labor — What Every Pregnant Woman Must Know (Image Credits: iStock)
Heatwaves can be tough on anyone, but they are especially risky for pregnant women. During pregnancy, a woman’s body goes through many changes—like increased blood flow, higher body temperature, and more fluid loss. These changes make it harder for the body to stay cool in hot weather.
According to Dr Maya P. L. Gade, Consultant in Gynaecology and Obstetrics at Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai, “Pregnant women are more likely to get dehydrated and overheated, which can affect both the mother and the baby.”
Being exposed to high heat for too long can lead to problems like dizziness, nausea, muscle cramps, and even fainting. In serious cases, it can cause heat exhaustion or heatstroke, which may lead to early labour or affect the baby’s growth and health. That’s why expectant mothers need to take extra care during hot weather.
Common Warning Signs to Watch For
Overheating can quickly lead to dehydration, which is dangerous during pregnancy. Symptoms include dizziness, nausea, excessive sweating, and even fainting. As dehydration worsens, expectant mothers may experience muscle cramps, fatigue, pale skin, shallow breathing, and heat exhaustion. “These are not just discomforts,” warns Dr Gade. “They can lead to serious complications if ignored.”
How Heat Affects the Baby
The effects of extreme heat extend beyond the mother’s health. “In early pregnancy, overheating can reduce blood flow to the placenta, increasing the risk of miscarriage or birth defects,” Dr Gade explains. In later stages, it can cause preterm labour or, in rare cases, stillbirth.
Hydration: Your First Line of Defence
Drinking enough fluids is one of the easiest and most effective ways to stay safe. “Sip fluids throughout the day, even if you’re not feeling thirsty,” Dr Gade advises. In addition to water, try lemon water, fruit juices, or milk-based drinks to stay cool and maintain electrolyte balance.
Avoid Peak Heat and Heavy Activity
Steer clear of the outdoors between 11 a.m. and 4 p.m., when the sun is at its strongest. Even mild physical activity can raise your core temperature. Resting in shaded, cool, or air-conditioned spaces is essential during a heatwave.
Dress Smart for the Weather
Clothing makes a big difference. Stick to loose, breathable cotton or linen in light colours. “These fabrics help with air circulation and reduce heat absorption,” Dr Gade explains. Covering your arms and legs can also prevent sunburn and overheating.
Eat Light, Stay Cool
Oily and heavy meals can add to your body heat. Instead, focus on light, easy-to-digest foods. Seasonal fruits like watermelon, pineapple, and cucumbers not only hydrate but also cool the body naturally.
When in Doubt, Listen to Your Body
“Don’t ignore signs of discomfort or push through the heat,” Dr Gade emphasises. If something feels off, it's always better to check with your doctor. Your body is doing a big job—growing a baby—so give it the care and rest it deserves.
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